Ahmad Bashri, Endang Susantini, Yuni Sri Rahayu, Sifak Indana, Ulfi Faizah, Rinaldiyanti Rukmana, Muhammad Zahrudin Afnan
This study aims to develop and validate an augmented reality-based application for learning plant cells and tissues, designed for biology students and prospective teachers. Using a research and development model within the educational design research framework, the process included preliminary analysis, design, and testing. Expert validation confirmed high feasibility across content, appearance, and cognitive benefits. The application supports critical thinking and spatial visualization of biological structures. Because plant tissues are inherently abstract and difficult to interpret in two dimensions, the interactive 3D models enhance comprehension. Results indicate that the tool is valid and applicable for educational use. The integration of science and technology in this digital learning resource aligns with sustainable development goals, especially SDG 4 (quality education) and SDG 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure), making it a relevant model for biology instruction in the digital era. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.
Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
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