Rico Ramadhan, Dinda Ayu Lestari, Nova Alfian Hariyanto, Yazdaniyar Fajri Halimi Firdaus, Riro Iraga Artama, Thanyada Rungrotmongkol, Nanik Siti Aminah, Bahrudin Zuhri, Alfinda Novi Kristanti, Kautsar Ul-Haq, Muhammad Iqbal Hasan, Suhartini Suwandari, Irmayanti Tri Kurnia, Preecha Phuwapraisirisan, Andika Pramudya Wardana, Nurlita Abdulgani, Roch Adi Prasetya
The tropical plant Pandanus helicopus Kurz, a member of the Pandanaceae family found in peatland regions of Central Kalimantan, is recognized for its pharmacological potential attributed to secondary metabolites. This current study represents the first comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis, along with molecular docking investigations, of the fruit extract of P. helicopus Kurz. The chemical constituents of the crude extract obtained using three different organic solvents of varying polarities were examined to identify bioactive compounds. The secondary metabolite profile of P. helicopus Kurz fruit extract was assessed with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significant inhibition of α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 31.38 ± 0.12 µg/mL, outperforming the positive control acarbose with an IC50 of 39.85 ± 0.09 µg/mL. This fraction also displayed notable tyrosinase inhibitory activities and promising antioxidant properties (2,2-dipehnyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH], 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiozoline6-sulphonic acid di-ammonium salt [ABTS], and cupric reducing antioxidant activity [CUPRAC] assays). Additionally, in silico molecular docking studies revealed that two secondary metabolites from P. helicopus Kurz fruit, namely, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl elaidate and quercetin-3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside, exhibited favorable conformation and binding affinities within the enzymatic pockets of α-glucosidase and tyrosinase. These findings suggest that the indigenous P. helicopus Kurz fruit could serve as a valuable natural source of antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-tyrosinase compounds with potential pharmacological applications. © 2025 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.
Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Division of Exploration and Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds (ESBC), University CoE-Research Center for Bio-Molecule Engineering (BIOME), Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia; Division of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs), Inter University Center for Excellence in Conservation and Green Economy, Universitas Airlangga Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia; Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Public High School 1, Pangkalan Bun, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia; Center of Excellence in Natural Products (CENP), Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Department of Biology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia
