Lina Andriani, Nurhayati Nurhayati, Akbar Izulhaq, Usman R. Iman, Wa’il A. G. Al-Tumah, Atul Varshney, Mahmud Ja’afar, Sayyidul A. Alamsyah, Fannush S. Akbar
This study presents the design and analysis of a compact dual-band crescent-shaped microstrip antenna that utilizes edge slots and mutual coupling enhancement techniques for Wi-Fi 2.4/5.8 GHz and agricultural communication technologies. A mutual coupling enhancement structure was added to stabilize the impedance and strengthen the dual-band performance. The antenna was implemented on an FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a dielectric constant of 4.3. We compared four antenna elements, i.e., circular patch with circular hole (CwCh), circular crescent patch (CC), circular crescent peripheral slit patch (CCPS), and circular crescent peripheral slit with ring patch (CCPSR). The simulation results show that the CwCh antenna element produced the largest number of resonance frequencies, and the CCPSR antenna element produces the best minimum S11 of −40.49 dB at 3.56 GHz. We compared six types of MIMO 2 × 1 CCPSR antennas. CCPSR-5 produced minimum S11 of −30.36 dB (at 2.45 GHz) and −28.08 dB (at 5.8 dB). By adding a rectangular slot between the two antenna elements on the ground and adding three rectangular split ring resonators between the two antenna elements, the CCPSR improved the mutual coupling performance by 15.32 dB. The combination of peripheral slots and mutual coupling enhancement effectively improved the resonance frequency, resulting in a multiband frequency and mutual coupling performance. Both the modeling and measurement data indicated that the antenna performed similarly. The antenna’s performance was assessed for soil pH and moisture data transmission, ensuring reliable device enrollment within the smart agricultural infrastructure. These results demonstrate that the proposed crescent-shaped antenna provides an efficient and versatile solution for compact Wi-Fi infrastructure, effectively fostering innovation in next-generation communication systems. © 2026, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, 60231, Indonesia; Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq; ECE Department, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to be University), Uttarakhand, Haridwar, 249404, India; Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Uttarakhand, Dehradun, 248002, India; Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; The University Center of Excellence for Intelligent Sensing-IoT, Telkom University, Surabaya, Indonesia
