Muhammad Zahran, Achmad Samsudin, Andi Suhandi, Adam Hadiana Aminudin, Firmanul Catur Wibowo, Siswanto, Binar Kurnia Prahani, Hasan Özgür Kapıcı
This study focuses on the initial development of Augmented Reality for Special Education Needs (ARSEN), aimed at improving the understanding of solar system concepts for students with learning difficulties, using Many-facets Rasch Measurement (MRFM) analysis. The 3D model (Define, Design, Develop) was implemented throughout the research process. Validation was carried out by eight experts, utilizing an assessment tool that evaluates several critical dimensions: curriculum relevance, scientific accuracy, linguistic clarity, visual layout, and instructional guidance. These aspects, represented by numerous validation criteria, were analyzed using MRFM to evaluate ARSEN’s overall validity. The results from the MRFM analysis showed positive average observations across all criteria and ARSEN achieved 70.1% agreement percentage among experts, confirming its suitability for classroom implementation. Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia; Universitas Kebangsaan Republik Indonesia, Indonesia; Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia; Universitas Tidar, Indonesia; Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia; Boğaziçi University, Turkey
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