Lilik Farkhiyah, Tukiran Tukiran
One of the infectious bacteria that can cause high morbidity and mortality is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa is a difficult pathogen to treat and often causes resistance to antibiotics. One of the causes of antibiotic resistance is the formation of biofilm. Manilkara kauki is one of the plants that has potential as an antibiofilm. The absence of publications related to information on total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the use of M. kauki leaves as antibiofilm makes this research important and necessary. This study aims to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the ethanol extract of M. kauki leaves and antibiofilm activity tests, which include optimization of biofilm formation time, inhibition activity test, and biofilm destruction using the Microtiter Plate Assay method with positive control of ciprofloxacin. According to the LC-MS results, the flavonoid content was relatively high at 46.15%, while the non-flavonoid phenolic content in the ethanol extract of small sapodilla leaves was 23.08%. Meanwhile, the total phenolic and flavonoid content tests yielded similar results, namely 48.9830 mg/g GAE and 21.3270 mg/g QE, respectively. The results of the antibiofilm activity test showed that P. aeruginosa is a strong biofilm-forming bacterium with an optimum formation time of 48 hours and an OD value of 0.5298. Meanwhile, the highest percentage of biofilm inhibition and destruction was observed at a concentration of 1000 ppm, with IC50 values of 134 and 108.4 µg/mL, respectively. © 2026, Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ankara (FABAD). All rights reserved.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
