Setyo Admoko, Eko Hariyono, Madlazim
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Collaborative Argumentation Learning Model (CALM) in improving the argumentation and critical thinking skills of prospective physics teachers. This learning model provides scaffolding of prerequisite knowledge and argumentation construction skills needed to solve socio-science issues in learning. This study uses a one-group pretest-posttest design and n-gain analysis to determine the impact of the treatment. The relationship between argumentation and critical thinking skills is analyzed correlationally. The CALM is implemented in the Earth and Space Science course with the topic of celestial body circulation accompanied by the presentation of socio-science issues related to the discussion. Argumentation skills are taught and evaluated based on Toulmin's Argument Pattern (TAP) while critical thinking skills are measured by indicators according to Ennis. The study results showed that implementing CALM can improve argumentation skills at the medium and high category levels with an increase mode in the medium category. Meanwhile, critical thinking skills have increased in the low, medium and high categories with an increase mode in the medium category. The increase in argumentation skills on average in the class has a higher value than the increase in critical thinking skills. This shows that implementing CALM is more effective in improving argumentation skills than critical thinking skills. There is a correlation between improving argumentation skills and critical thinking skills in the "Moderate" category. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that the implementation of CALM is effective in improving argumentation and critical thinking skills of prospective physics teacher students. Further, broader research is needed to test the reliability of the CALM model in improving argumentation and critical thinking skills. © 2026 Author(s)
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
