Achmad Yusuf Bachtiar, Tukiran Tukiran
Paederia foetida and Piper betle are two plants traditionally widely used in Indonesia as medicinal ingredients for various therapeutic properties. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antihypercholesterolemic activities of both single and polyherbal ethanol extracts of Paederia foetida Linn and Piper betle Linn leaves. Three polyherbal formulations with different volume ratio formulations – specifically F1 (1:3), F2 (1:1), and F3 (3:1), were developed to compare their in vitro bioactivities. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging capacity assay, whereas antihypercholesterolemic activity was determined using the Liebermann-Burchard method. The research results showed that F1 had the highest synergistic antioxidant effect among the three formulations, as reflected by its lowest IC50 value (65.52 μg/mL) against DPPH free radicals. Consistently, F1 also showed the highest cholesterol-reducing capability with an EC50 value of 126.41 μg/mL. In contrast, the single extracts EEPF and EEPB produced IC50 values of 89.17 and 75.41 μg/mL, and EC50 values of 170.96 and 146.57 μg/mL. Overall, F1 can be regarded as a promising formulation for cholesterol reduction mediated by its antioxidant properties, although its efficacy was comparatively weaker than that of the positive control. © 2026, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, 60231, Indonesia
