Sapti Puspitarini, Dinia R. Dwijayanti, Septian T. Wicaksono, Noviana D. Lestari, Rizka P. Rahayu, Nashi Widodo
Indian borage (Plectranthus amboinicus) is a herb that has been reported to have numerous pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line is commonly utilized for anti-inflammatory drug screening. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of Plectranthus ambonicus ethanol extract (PaE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cell line has not been studied. This study is aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effect of PaE in murine macrophage model. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed via the inhibitory effect against NO production in RAW 264.7 cell line following LPS stimulation. The antioxidant activity of PaE was evaluated using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents were also evaluated using standard procedures. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of compounds in Plectranthus amboinicus were also predicted in silico. Results from the study has shown that PaE reduced nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. PaE also inhibited DPPH free radical and had a total flavonoid and phenolic contents of 2.04 ± 0.23 mgQE/g and 4.76 ± 0.03 mgGAE/g, respectively. From the in silico study, fifteen compounds from Plectranthus amboinicus were predicted to have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, the findings from the present study has shown Indian borge as a plant with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials. However, further investigation of the mechanism of action and the identification of its bioactive components is needed. © 2023 the authors.
Science Education Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia; Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah Malang University, Malang, Indonesia
