Abadi, Dian Savitri, Laras K. M. Putri
This study examines the dynamics of prey-predator systems involving intraguild predation and mutualistic interactions benefiting the prey. The analysis focuses on identifying equilibrium points and assessing their local stability. A total of four equilibrium states are determined, with some shown to be locally asymptotically stable under specific conditions. Furthermore, we numerically analyze the impact of the predator-prey growth rate ratio. The numerical simulations reveal the occurrence of a Hopf bifurcation under varying values of the parameter (σ). with the bifurcation specifically emerging when σ = 0.001095. © 2026 Author(s).
Mathematics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, State University of Surabaya, South Ketintang Street, Ketintang Subdistrict, Gayungan District, East Java, Surabaya City, 60231, Indonesia
