Tareq Hamadneh, Belal Batiha, Oqlah Al-Refai, Zeinab Montazeri, Mohammad Dehghani, Widi Aribowo, Mustafa Khaleel Ibrahim, Riyadh Kareem Jawad, Asaad Abdul Malik Madhloom AL-Salih, Mahmood Anees Ahmed, Ibraheem Kasim Ibraheem, Kei Eguchi
This paper introduces the Motorbike Courier Optimization (MCO) algorithm, a novel human-based metaheuristic designed to solve complex constrained optimization problems, particularly those derived from real-world applications. The key innovation lies in simulating the adaptive and strategic behavior of motorbike couriers who must efficiently navigate urban environments under pressure, balancing speed, safety, route optimization, and real-time decision-making. Inspired by these real-life behaviors, MCO incorporates three algorithmic phases—initialization, exploration, and exploitation—mapped mathematically to dynamic motion, flexible path selection, and convergence strategies. A distinct advantage of MCO is its parameter-free design, eliminating the need for algorithm-specific tuning. To validate its optimization capability, MCO is tested on the CEC 2011 benchmark suite, which includes 22 constrained real-world optimization problems in engineering and industrial contexts. These benchmarks cover diverse challenges such as trajectory design, energy systems, and chemical processes, providing a comprehensive evaluation framework. The performance of MCO is assessed using six statistical indicators: mean, best, worst, standard deviation, median, and rank. Comparative simulations are conducted against nine state-of-the-art metaheuristics: SFOA, CFOA, COA, POA, OOA, MPA, RSA, AVOA, and WSO. Experimental results confirm that MCO demonstrates superior performance across the majority of benchmark problems. This dominance is attributed to its unique behavioral modeling, robust adaptability, and efficient balance between global exploration and local exploitation. The results position MCO as a competitive and innovative optimization tool with high potential for solving a wide range of constrained real-world problems. © (2025), (Intelligent Network and Systems Society). All rights reserved.
Department of Mathematics, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Jadara University, Irbid, 21110, Jordan; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, 13132, Jordan; Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, 7155713876, Iran; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, East Java, Surabaya, 60231, Indonesia; Department of Cybersecurity and Cloud computing, Technical Engineering, Uruk University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq; Department of Medical Instrumentations Techniques Engineering, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq; Department of Computer Engineering Techniques, Al-Nukhba University College, Baghdad, 10013, Iraq; Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering, Department College of medical techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq; Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq; Department of Information Electronics, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Japan
