Muhammad Farhan Zulfah Abdillah, Khalifia Diasaloka, Pradini Puspitaningayu, Ibnu Febry Kurniawan, Yohanes Yohanie Fridelin Panduman, Hendy Briantoro
LoRa is a low-power radio frequency-based wireless communication technology capable of transmitting data over long distances. This technology is widely used in embedded systems and the Internet of Things (IoT) in various sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, industry, transportation, and smart cities. However, data transmitted over the LoRa network is not encrypted by default, so the confidentiality of the data is not guaranteed because it can be intercepted and read by other parties at the same frequency. Therefore, data encryption techniques are needed in LoRa systems to maintain data confidentiality and security during the transmission process. This paper presents a comparative study of three lightweight encryption algorithms PRESENT, CHACHA20, and SPECK implemented on LoRa-based systems using RFM95W modules and Arduino R4 WiFi microcontrollers. Encrypted messages are transmitted between two LoRa nodes at varying distances to observe the effect of encryption on the quality of wireless communication. Performance evaluation is carried out based on three main metrics, namely signal strength (RSSI), communication delay time (latency), and transmission range. The test results show that each encryption algorithm has a different impact on LoRa communication performance, particularly in terms of the efficiency and reliability of long-distance data transmission. These findings provide practical insights for developers and practitioners who need secure yet responsive and stable LoRa communication. ©2025 IEEE.
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Dept. of Data Science Universitas Negeri Surabaya), Surabaya, Indonesia; Grad. School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Osaka, Osaka, Japan; Dept. of Computer Engineering, Telkom University, Surabaya, Indonesia
