Retno Purbowati, Titik Taufikurohmah, Achmad Syahrani
Supercritical liquid CO2 extraction (SCFE-CO2) with co-solvent methanol can produce high yields, especially for phenolic compounds, compared to conventional solvent extraction (CSE), which is widely used in society to determine the quality of extracts. A comparison of conventional and supercritical CO2 extractions of Q. infectoria gall was performed. CSE was carried out by extracting 10 grams of Q. infectoria gall (0.3 mm in diameter) into 100 ml of solvent (water or methanol) and heating at 50 ℃ for 8 hours. The SFE-CO2 extract was carried out with the same weight of material (Q. infectoria gall) and heated at 50 ℃ at 20 MPa for 60 minutes with 1% co-solvent by weight of the material. Both extracts were determined by gravimetry, the composition of phenolic acids (tannic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quinic acid) by HPLC, and toxicity using MTT. The results of the SFE-CO2 cosolvent methanol extraction technique obtained a yield of 8.01 + 0.12%, which is better than CSE's 4.19 + 1.2%. The results of the extract composition were more or less the same for both SCFE-CO2 and CSE, namely tannic acid in the range of 67%, gallic acid in the range of 2%, ellagic acid in the range of 0.15-0.2%, and quinic acid in the range of 6-8%. Extraction with SCFE-CO2 and cosolvent methanol yielded a non-toxic extract, whereas CSE with methanol as the solvent yielded a toxic extract. © 2025 Author(s).
Department of Farmacy, Faculty of Farmacy, Airlangga University, East Java, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematica and Science, State University of Surabaya, East Java, 60231, Indonesia
