Rohim Aminullah Firdaus, Ersyzario Edo Yunata, Endah Rahmawati, Muhimmatul Khoiro, Meta Yantidewi, Dzulkiflih, Folin Oktafiani, Nanang Winarno, Riski Ramadani
The development of wireless communication in the Internet of Things (IoT) era requires antennas with high performance, compact dimensions, and optimal radiation efficiency. This study aims to design and implement a butterfly-shaped slot microstrip antenna integrated with a fractal method to address the limitations of conventional antennas, particularly regarding narrow bandwidth, high return loss, and low impedance matching. The research process was conducted through simulation and experimental approaches, where the antenna was designed with dimensions of 38 × 30 mm2 using an FR4 substrate and then tested using a Vector Network Analyzer and an anechoic chamber. Test results showed a significant improvement in antenna characteristics, with a return loss of −43.71 dB, VSWR of 1.11, bandwidth of 1.19 GHz, and operating frequency of 2.41 GHz. The resulting radiation pattern is omnidirectional, although the gain value is relatively low at 2.15 dBi due to the even power distribution in all directions. This study also reports that applying butterfly slots combined with fractal techniques can enhance the overall performance of microstrip antennas, making them potentially applicable in IoT communication systems that require high efficiency and broad signal coverage. © 2025 IAMOT.
Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; Research Center for Telecommunication, National Research and Innovation, West Java, Indonesia; Departement of Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
