Thoriqul Hidayah, Risky Hadi Wibowo, Abdi Wira Septama, Sipriyadi Sipriyadi, Morina Adfa, Muhammad Eka Prastya, Eddy Sukmawinata, Muskhazli Mustafa, Eliza Farestiani
Xylocarpus granatum is a true mangrove species that belongs to Meliaceae family. X.granatum serves limonoids compounds commonly utilized by coastal communities as traditional medicine. This study is designed to investigate antioxidant, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities of bioactive compounds produced by associated endophytic bacteria isolated from X.granatum leaves. The endophytic bacteria isolate XGDE 7 was obtained from the collection of microbiology laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Bengkulu. Based on 16sRNA analysis, this isolate is closely related to P.aeruginosa strain BSP12 with similarity of 99.82 %. The antibacterial activity using pellet and supernatant exhibited that the widest inhibition zone diameters were found in inhibiting Bacillus subtilis (7.93 ± 0.42 mm; 3.70 ± 0.16 mm). Furthermore, the largest clear zone using crude extract was shown against Escherhicia.coli (12.29 ± 0.50 mm). The lowest MIC of XGDE 7 was found on Eenterococcus faecalis (15.62 µg/ml) and the highest MIC was on Stapylococcus aures (62.50 µg/ml). As for MBC, XGDE 7 isolate showed the lowest activity on E.faecalis (31.25 µg/ml), while the highest was observed on MBC S. aureus (125 µg/ml). Antibiofilm activity of XGDE 7 extract S.aureus, B.subtilis, E.coli and E.faecalis effectively inhibited at a concentration range of 2 x MIC with inhibition range of 80.10±0.5 to 74.79 ± 0.1%. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity using DPPH method exhibited lC50 of 49.25 µg/ml. GC-MS analysis revealed various bioactive compounds; Cyclo (L-prolyl-L-valine), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,methyl ester, 10-Octadecenoic acid,methyl ester, 2,5-Piperazinedione, 3,6-bis (2-methylpropyl), and Pyrrolo [1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3(phenylmethyl). © 2025 Marmara University Press.
Graduate Student of Master Study Program of Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bengkulu, Jl. W.R. Supratman, Bengkulu, 38371, Indonesia; Master Study Program of Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, Jl. W.R. Supratman, Bengkulu, Bengkulu, 38371, Indonesia; Master Study Program of Chemistry, Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, Jl. W.R. Supratman, Bengkulu, Bengkulu, 38371, Indonesia; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia; Research Centre for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Security, State University of Surabaya, Jl. Prof. DR. Moestopo No. 4, Jawa Timur, Surabaya, 60286, Indonesia
