Anita Susanti, Belal Batiha, Tareq Hamadneh, Gharib Mousa Gharib, Widi Aribowo, Haider Ali, Riyadh Kareem Jawad, Mahmood Anees Ahmed, Ibraheem Kasim Ibraheem, Zeinab Monrazeri, Mohammad Dehghani
Metaheuristic optimization algorithms are powerful tools for solving complex transportation problems. This study investigates the application of the Orangutan Optimization Algorithm (OOA) to a Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), aiming to minimize travel distances while adhering to time constraints and vehicle capacity limits. Compared to 12 state-of-the-art algorithms, OOA demonstrated superior performance in convergence speed, solution quality, computational efficiency, and robustness. Its dynamic balance between exploration and exploitation allows it to consistently outperform other methods, achieving the best solutions in the least computational time. The study highlights the effectiveness of OOA in solving real-world transportation optimization challenges and sets the stage for future research into hybrid algorithms and integration with emerging technologies such as machine learning and IoT to further advance transportation systems. © 2025, Dr D. Pylarinos. All rights reserved.
Department of Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan; Department of Mathematics, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Zarqa University, Jordan; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Cybersecurity and Cloud computing, Technical Engineering, Uruk University, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Instrumentations Techniques Engineering, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Department, College of Medical Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Iran; Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
