Faridha Nurhayati, Abdul Rachman Syam Tuasikal, Nurhasan, Heryanto Nur Muhammad, Nanik Indahwati, Dwi Cahyo Kartiko, Adi Pranoto
Objective: This study aims to analyze the differences in skills among 21st-century pre-service teachers, specifically about gender. Methods and Materials: The research method uses a comparative approach. The research population consisted of pre-service teachers at the State University of Surabaya, totaling 1,080 people from 13 study programs. The sampling technique employed a quota sampling method, using the Slovin formula, which resulted in a total of 411 people. The 21st-century skills instrument uses a questionnaire. The data analysis used was the independent sample t-test. Findings: By the results of data processing, it can be explained that there are no differences in almost all dimensions of 21st century skills (critical thinking, collaboration, communication, creativity, digital literacy and social skills) with a P>0,05, except for the leadership dimension, there are differences between male and female (P<0,05). Conclusion: The differences between male and female leaders are influenced by leadership positions and cultural factors, which shape the role of leadership in determining instructional goals, organizational school climate, and student achievement, taking into account the sociocultural context within the framework. © 2025 the authors.
Doctoral Program of Sport Science, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Sports Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
